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The ''Didache'' (; Koine Greek: ) or ''The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles'' (''Didachē'' means "Teaching")〔Strong's G1322 Didache: instruction (the act or the matter): – doctrine, hath been taught.〕 is a brief early Christian treatise, dated by most scholars to the mid to late first century. The first line of this treatise is "''Teaching of the Lord to the Gentiles (or Nations) by the Twelve Apostles''".〔Greek: Διδαχὴ κυρίου διὰ τῶν δώδεκα ἀποστόλων τοῖς ἔθνεσιν〕 The text, parts of which constitute the oldest extant written catechism, has three main sections dealing with Christian ethics, rituals such as baptism and Eucharist, and Church organization. It is considered the first example of the ''genre'' of the Church Orders. The Didache is considered part of the category of second-generation Christian writings known as the Apostolic Fathers. The work was considered by some Church Fathers as part of the New Testament,〔Rufinus, ''Commentary on Apostles Creed 37'' (as Deuterocanonical) c. 380; John of Damascus ''Exact Exposition of Orthodox Faith'' 4.17; and the 81-book canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church〕 while being rejected as spurious or non-canonical by others,〔Athanasius, (''Festal Letter 39'' ) (excludes them from the canon, but recommends them for reading) in 367; Rejected by 60 Books Canon and by Nicephorus in ''Stichometria''〕 and eventually was not accepted into the New Testament canon. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church "broader canon" includes the Didascalia, a work which draws on the ''Didache''. Lost for centuries, a Greek manuscript of the Didache was rediscovered in 1873 by Philotheos Bryennios, Metropolitan of Nicomedia in the Codex Hierosolymitanus. A Latin version of the first five chapters was discovered in 1900 by J. Schlecht. ==Date, composition and modern translation== Most scholars place the Didache at some point during the mid to late first century.〔Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3): ''Didache''〕 It is an anonymous work, a pastoral manual "that reveals more about how Jewish-Christians saw themselves and how they adapted their Judaism for gentiles than any other book in the Christian Scriptures."〔Aaron Milavec, ''The Didache: faith, hope, & life of the earliest Christian communities, 50–70 C.E.'', (p. vii )〕 Hitchcock and Brown produced the first English translation in March 1884. Adolf von Harnack produced the first German translation in 1884, and Sabatier the first translation and commentary in 1885.〔Aaron Milavec in ''The Didache in context: essays on its text, history, and transmission'' ed. Clayton N. Jefford p140-141.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Didache」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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